Magna Carta

Magna Carta, the Great Charter, was granted by King John to his rebel barons at Runnymede on 15 June 1215, and Pope Innocent III annulled it barely ten weeks later. Reissued in 1216, 1217 and 1225 and confirmed by Edward I in 1297, it outlived its own failure, and three of its clauses from the 1297 text are still on the statute book today.

Magna Carta in the Curriculum

Magna Carta is named in GCSE and A level specifications from three exam boards, and it is a suggested example in the Key Stage 3 National Curriculum. The articles on this page are written with those courses in mind, from the causes of the crisis of 1215 to the charter's long afterlife.

Exam board and curriculum alignment

  • AQA GCSE History (8145), Paper 2: the thematic study Britain: Power and the people, c1170 to the present day. Part one, Challenging authority and feudalism, opens with constraints on kingship: the barons' dissatisfaction with King John's rule and its resolution, and Magna Carta, its terms and its short and long-term impact. The next topic, on Henry III, Simon de Montfort and the Parliament of 1265, carries the story forward.
  • Pearson Edexcel GCSE History (1HI0), Paper 2: the British depth study Option B2: The reigns of King Richard I and King John, 1189 to 1216. Key topic 3, King John's downfall, covers worsening relations with the barons, Runnymede, the motives of John and the barons, the main provisions of Magna Carta, and the outbreak of the First Barons' War.
  • AQA A level History (7042), Component 2: the depth study 2A Royal Authority and the Angevin Kings, 1154 to 1216. Part two covers John's relations with the barons, Robert Fitzwalter and the Army of God, the negotiations leading to Magna Carta, and the First Barons' War.
  • OCR A level History A (H505), Unit Y103: England 1199 to 1272, with its enquiry topic on King John, 1199 to 1216. Learners study the baronial rebellion of 1215, the Articles of the Barons and Magna Carta, the significance of Magna Carta, the resumption of war and the quashing of the charter by the Pope. The period study on Henry III follows the settlement after 1215.
  • Key Stage 3 (England): the National Curriculum unit on the development of Church, state and society in medieval Britain, 1066 to 1509, suggests Magna Carta and the emergence of Parliament as a focus.

Specifications are revised from time to time, so always check the current version with your exam board.

Which article answers which question

Who these articles are for

  • GCSE students on AQA's Power and the people thematic study or Edexcel's Richard I and King John depth study, revising the terms of the charter and its short and long-term impact.
  • A level students on AQA's Angevin Kings depth study or OCR's England 1199 to 1272, who need the chronology of 1212 to 1216 and evidence for essays and source questions on John and the barons.
  • Teachers planning a Key Stage 3 lesson on Magna Carta and the emergence of Parliament, or looking for reliable reading to set alongside GCSE and A level lessons.
  • Undergraduates and general readers who want a clear account of how a failed peace treaty of 1215 was reissued in 1216, 1217 and 1225 and became a lasting symbol of the rule of law.