The Crusades

History, Causes and Legacy
The Crusader Kingdoms: Daily Life in Outremer
Updated July 26, 2026

The Crusader Kingdoms: Daily Life in Outremer

The Crusader Kingdoms, known to their own inhabitants as Outremer, blended European feudal law with local custom, trade, and language for almost two centurie...

Saladin: The Sultan Who Recaptured Jerusalem
Updated July 24, 2026

Saladin: The Sultan Who Recaptured Jerusalem

Saladin could have massacred Jerusalem the way the Crusaders had in 1099. Instead, after crushing them at Hattin in 1187, he let thousands walk free by ranso...

Battle of Arsuf 1191 crusaders Saladin: Pivotal crusade engagement where Richard the Lionheart defeated Saladin's Muslim forces in Holy Land
Updated July 24, 2026

Battle of Arsuf: A Pivotal Moment in History

On 7 September 1191, the forces of Richard I and Saladin met on the plains of Arsuf. Despite constant harassment from Saracen horse archers, the Crusader arm...

Crusader knights in desert Holy Land: Medieval Christian warriors in crusading armor during Holy Land military campaigns
Updated July 24, 2026

The History of the Crusades

The history of the Crusades is a sprawling epic of religious fervour, military ambition, and cultural collision. Spanning the 11th to the 13th centuries, the...